Systematic analysis of instructional models in science: Towards the development of an instructional model
Keywords:
methodology, Science Instructional model, systematic reviewAbstract
Instructional models are essential for addressing the learning sequence of learners. They provide a series of activities intended to attain the learning outcomes while developing prerequisite skills. They are able to develop holistic skills in learners while adhering to learning standards. This systematic literature review discusses the different instructional models used in science. Selection criteria were used to identify articles considered essential for the review. Some of the criteria include being within a 10-year span, written in English, containing keywords such as "development" or "instructional design" focusing on science, and displaying a methodology for developing the model. After thorough analysis, the review narrowed down to 15 articles shedding light on the research problem of methodologies used in developing science instructional models. The analysis revealed three common themes: origins (grounds) of the model, essential elements or variables used in obtaining the models, and supreme guidelines outlining the procedures undertaken to develop the model. Six common methodologies were identified among the analyzed articles, synthesized and presented in this review. In light of these results, the review concludes that some models do not properly display methodological procedures for science instructional model development. This review can contribute to model developers by providing insight into how models should be developed using proper methodologies. The outlined methodologies resulting from the review can be adopted in developing science models for instructors, teachers, and other instructional leaders involved in designing learning models.
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